TWENTIETH CONGRESS OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES 25 AUG -5 P2:09 First Regular Session ) SENATE RECEIVED BY S. No. _ Introduced by Senator Jinggoy Ejercito Estrada AN ACT AMENDING ARTICLE 55 OF EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 209, SERIES OF 1987, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE "FAMILY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES", AS AMENDED EXPLANATORY NOTE The Family Code of the Philippines, enacted through Executive Order No. 209, Series of 1987, governs the legal framework for marriage and family relations in the country. One of its core provisions, Article 55, enumerates the grounds for legal separation-a remedy provided by law for spouses enduring serious marital issues that render cohabitation impossible or harmful. However, over the past decades, legal practitioners, scholars, and concerned citizens have pointed out the need to revisit and revise certain grounds under Article 55 to reflect the evolving nature of relationships and the realities faced by modern Filipino families. The current list of grounds, while comprehensive, excludes some situations that may equally warrant legal separation and protection of the aggrieved party. This bill seeks to amend Article 55 of the Family Code to provide more responsive and inclusive grounds for legal separation, thereby recognizing the complexities of marital breakdowns and ensuring greater access to justice for those in
difficult or dangerous domestic situations. It aims to eliminate ambiguities and strengthen the law's capacity to address present-day family concerns. Filed by Senator Cynthia A. Villar in the 19th Congress, this bill reflects a broader legislative vision of a just and humane legal system-one that keeps pace with social realities and upholds the dignity and safety of every Filipino spouse. By refining the legal grounds for separation, this measure underscores the State's responsibility to protect individuals from emotional, psychological, and physical harm within the family structure, while preserving the integrity of marriage as a social institution. Key features of the bill include: 1. The inclusion of additional grounds for legal separation that recognize emotional abuse, psychological violence, and other serious circumstances not previously enumerated under Article 55; 2. Clarification of terms and thresholds for certain grounds to ensure consistency in legal interpretation and application; 3. Reinforcement of legal safeguards for victims, particularly women and children, who may be subjected to prolonged suffering under existing legal limitations; 4. Harmonization of Article 55 with existing laws on domestic violence, such as the Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act (RA 9262), to ensure a unified and survivor-centered approach. This amendment affirms the need for a compassionate, equitable, and forward- looking family law framework-one that enables the courts to respond effectively to the needs of those seeking relief from irreparable marital conditions. In view of the foregoing, the immediate passage of this bill is earnestly sought. JINGGOY EJERCITO ESTRADA
office often TWENTIETH CONGRESS OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES ) First Regular Session 25 AUG -5 P2:09 RECEIVED 6Y: SENATE S. No. - Introduced by Senator Jinggoy Ejercito Estrada AN ACT AMENDING ARTICLE 55 OF EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 209, SERIES OF 1987, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE "FAMILY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES", AS AMENDED Be it enacted by the Senate and the House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled:
Section 1. Grounds for Legal Separation. - Article 55 of E.O. No. 209, otherwise
known as "Family Code of the Philippines" is hereby amended to read as follows: "Article 55. A petition for legal separation may be filed on any of the following grounds; "(1) [Repeated] ANY physical, SEXUAL, OR PSYCHOLOGICAL violence, [or grossly] abusive conduct, OR ECONOMIC ABUSE, INCLUDING THREATS OF SUCH ACTS, BATTERY, COERCION, HARASSMENT OR ARBITRARY DEPRIVATION directed against the petitioner, a common child, or a child of the petitioner; "XXX."
Sec. 2. Repealing Clause. - All laws, decrees, orders, and issuances, or portions
thereof, which are inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, are hereby repealed, amended, or modified accordingly.
Sec. 3. Effectivity. - This Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days after its
2 publication in the Official Gazette or in at least two (2) newspapers of general circulation. Approved,